Who is likely to require supplemental carbohydrate before engaging in physical activity?

The selection of a patient with type 1 diabetes who has a pre-exercise glucose level of 95 mg/dL is based on the need to prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia. Individuals with type 1 diabetes have an impaired ability to produce insulin, which means they need to be vigilant about their blood sugar levels, especially before and during physical activities.

Engaging in physical activity can lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels, as muscles utilize glucose for energy. If the pre-exercise glucose is around 95 mg/dL, this is relatively low, and for individuals with type 1 diabetes, it is prudent to ingest supplemental carbohydrates to avoid hypoglycemia during the activity. This proactive measure helps maintain stable blood glucose levels throughout the physical exertion.

Patients with type 2 diabetes typically have different metabolic responses, and those with high pre-exercise glucose levels may not necessarily need supplemental carbohydrate before activity, as their bodies may have better glucoregulatory mechanisms compared to those with type 1 diabetes. For patients with gestational diabetes, the management approach may also differ, often focusing on controlled eating and blood sugar management rather than the immediate need for carbohydrates before exercise. Meanwhile, a patient with type 1 diabetes who plans ahead for physical activity